Complexity literacy isn’t about abandoning systems thinking but about going deeper, relying on models rather than metaphors through simulations, stress tests, and Bayesian updating instead of clever diagrams; embracing pluralism over purity by drawing on complexity science, critical systems thinking, and soft systems methods; favoring iteration over nudging by experimenting, learning fast, and adjusting constantly; and grounding governance in aligned power and incentives rather than in good intentions or reframing exercises.
