City-states, once a dominant form of political organisation in ancient times, could be making a comeback in the modern world. Globalisation and the rise of technology have created an environment where city-states could thrive. They are increasingly becoming the central hubs of economic activity, with cities like London and New York being more important to the global economy than many countries.

The resurgence of city-states is also spurred by the decline of nation-states. Many nations are failing to meet the needs of their citizens, leading to a rise in separatist movements. In contrast, city-states, with their smaller populations and concentrated resources, can provide better services and governance.

However, city-states also face challenges. They can exacerbate income inequality and social division, and their success often depends on favourable national policies. Moreover, their smaller size can make them vulnerable to external threats.

Yet, despite these challenges, city-states may represent the future of governance. They are flexible, efficient, and can adapt quickly to changes, making them well-suited to the fast-paced, globalised world of the 21st century.

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